Hernias can be diagnosed by your healthcare provider and may involve a physical examination or scan. There are many types of hernias, based on factors such as location in the body and cause. They grow large over time as the pressure inside the abdomen pushes on the area of weakness.

Haemorrhoids are very common. They result from increased pressure on the anus. This can occur during pregnancy or childbirth or due to constipation. The pressure causes the normal anal veins and tissue to swell. This tissue can bleed, often during bowel movements.

Anal fistulas are often quite painful and inconvenient, and they can develop into severe, even life-threatening conditions like sepsis if you don't seek care. An anal fistula is a path that forms between an infected anal gland (an abscess) and a skin opening near the anus.

A lipoma is a small, fatty tumour that grows under the skin. These soft lumps are benign and do not pose a health risk under 10 cm, but after that, they must require investigations. While lipomas are not dangerous, they can cause cosmetic concerns or put pressure on nerves, causing pain or discomfort.

Biopsy and excision are procedures performed generally under local anaesthesia in which skin lesions are cut out. They may be performed for both benign and malignant skin conditions. Some common benign skin conditions that may require excision include cysts, moles, and dermatofibromas.

An ingrown toenail is a common condition typically affecting the great toe in which the corner or side of the nail becomes incurvated (turned inward) and grows into the skin and soft flesh of the toe.
Relieve ingrown toenail pain and discomfort with surgical treatment.

A pilonidal cyst is a pocket that forms around a hair follicle in the crease between the buttocks. The area may look like a small pit or pore in the skin that contains a dark spot or hair. Sometimes the cyst can become infected; this is called a pilonidal abscess and may require an incision and drainage.

An anal fissure is a small tear in the thin, moist tissue that lines the anus. An anal fissure may occur when you pass hard or large stools during a bowel movement. Anal fissures typically cause pain and bleeding with bowel movements. You may also experience spasms in your anal sphincter.